【A1-A2-Grammar】07 Nouns countable and uncountable-名词：可数和不可数

【A1-A2-Grammar】07 Nouns: countable and uncountable-名词：可数和不可数

Do you know how to use a, some, any, much and many? Test what you know with interactive exercises and read the explanation to help you.你知道如何使用 a、some、any、much 和 Many 吗？通过互动练习测试您所掌握的知识，并阅读说明来帮助您。

Look at these examples to see how to use countable and uncountable nouns in a sentence.查看这些示例，了解如何在句子中使用可数名词和不可数名词。

I’m making a cup of tea.我正在泡一杯茶。
There’s some money on the table.桌子上还有一些钱。
Have we got any bread?我们有面包吗？
How many chairs do we need?我们需要多少把椅子？
How much milk have we got?我们还有多少牛奶？

Try this exercise to test your grammar.尝试这个练习来测试你的语法。

Grammar test 1语法测试1

Countable and uncountable nouns 1: 1

Complete the sentences with one word.

• Question

1. How (1) people are coming?
2. We’ve got (2) chicken but there isn’t (3) rice.
3. How (4) water do you think we need?
4. There’s (5) cat in the garden.
5. I’ve bought (6) new shoes.
6. Do you have (7) advice for me?
7. We have a (8) of chairs but we don’t have (9) tables.
8. There isn’t (10) toothpaste.

• Answer

1. How (many) people are coming?
2. We’ve got (some) chicken but there isn’t (any|much) rice.
3. How (much) water do you think we need?
4. There’s (a) cat in the garden.
5. I’ve bought (some) new shoes.
6. Do you have (any|some) advice for me?
7. We have a (lot) of chairs but we don’t have (any|many) tables.
8. There isn’t (any|much) toothpaste.

Read the explanation to learn more.阅读说明以了解更多信息。

Grammar explanation语法解释

Nouns can be countable or uncountable. Countable nouns can be counted, e.g. an apple, two apples, three apples, etc. Uncountable nouns cannot be counted, e.g. air, rice, water, etc. When you learn a new noun, you should check if it is countable or uncountable and note how it is used in a sentence.名词可以是可数或不可数。可数名词是可以计算的，例如一个苹果、两个苹果、三个苹果等。不可数名词不能计数，例如空气、大米、水等。当你学习一个新名词时，你应该检查它是可数还是不可数，并注意它在句子中的用法。

Countable nouns可数名词

For positive sentences we can use a/an for singular nouns or some for plurals.对于肯定句，我们可以使用 a/an 表示单数名词，或使用 some 表示复数名词。

There’s a man at the door.门口有一个男人。
I have some friends in New York.我在纽约有一些朋友。

For negatives we can use a/an for singular nouns or any for plurals.对于否定词，我们可以使用 a/an 表示单数名词，或使用 any 表示复数名词。

I don’t have a dog.我没有狗。
There aren’t any seats.没有座位了。

Uncountable nouns不可数的名词

Here are some examples of uncountable nouns:以下是不可数名词的一些示例：

bread面包	rice米	coffee咖啡	information信息
money钱	advice建议	luggage行李	furniture家具

We use some with uncountable nouns in positive sentences and any with negatives.我们在肯定句中将 some 与不可数名词一起使用，而 any 与否定句一起使用。

There’s some milk in the fridge.冰箱里还有一些牛奶。
There isn’t any coffee.没有咖啡。

Questions疑问句

In questions we use a/an, any or how many with countable nouns.在疑问句中，我们使用 a/an、any 或 how much 与可数名词一起使用。

*Is there an email address to write to?有可以写信的电子邮件地址吗？
Are there any chairs?这里有椅子吗？
How manychairs are there?这里有多少椅子？*

And we use any or how much with uncountable nouns.我们将any 或how much 与不可数名词一起使用。

*Is there any sugar?有糖吗？
How muchorange juice is there?这里有多少橙汁？*

But when we are offering something or asking for something, we normally use some.但是当我们提供某物或要求某物时，我们通常会使用一些。

Do you want some chocolate?你想要一些巧克力吗？
Can we have some more chairs, please?请给我们多一些椅子，好吗？

We also use some in a question when we think the answer will be ‘yes’.当我们认为答案是“是”时，我们也会在问题中使用 some。

Have you got some new glasses?你有新眼镜吗？

Other expressions of quantity其他数量表达方式

A lot of (or lots of) can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns.a lot of (or much of) 可以与可数名词和不可数名词一起使用。

There are lots of apples on the trees.树上有很多苹果。
There is a lot of snow on the road.路上有很多雪。

Notice that we don’t usually use many or much in positive sentences. We use a lot of instead.请注意，我们通常不会在肯定句中使用 much 或 much。我们用 a lot of 代替。

They have a lot of money.他们有很多钱。

However, in negative sentences we use not many with countable nouns and not much with uncountable nouns.然而，在否定句中，我们对可数名词使用 not many，对不可数名词使用 not much。

There are a lot of carrots but there are*n’t many potatoes.胡萝卜很多，但土豆不多。
There’s lots of juice but there isn’t much water.果汁很多，但水不多。*

Try this exercise to test your grammar again.尝试这个练习来再次测试你的语法。

Grammar test 2语法测试2

Countable and uncountable nouns 1: 2

Complete the sentences with one word.

• Question

1. I’m still at (1) work but I’ll leave soon.
2. I’m going to (2) prison to see my uncle.
3. (3) University of Nottingham is in (4) United Kingdom.
4. Every Friday my grandad goes to (5) prison to teach a maths class.
5. She was born in Japan, but she went to (6) university in (7) Bahamas.
6. My daughter does piano classes after (8) school.
7. I’m going to (9) school for a parents’ meeting.
8. The Danube flows from (10) Germany, through (11) Central Europe to (12) Black Sea.

• Answer

1. I’m still at (-) work but I’ll leave soon.
2. I’m going to (the) prison to see my uncle.
3. (The) University of Nottingham is in (the) United Kingdom.
4. Every Friday my grandad goes to (the) prison to teach a maths class.
5. She was born in Japan, but she went to (-) university in (the) Bahamas.
6. My daughter does piano classes after (-) school.
7. I’m going to (the) school for a parents’ meeting.
8. The Danube flows from (-) Germany, through (-) Central Europe to (the) Black Sea.