【B1-B2-Grammar】15 Passives-被动语态
【B1-B2-Grammar】15 Passives-被动语态
Do you know how to use the passive voice to change the focus of a sentence? Test what you know with interactive exercises and read the explanation to help you.你知道如何使用被动语态来改变句子的焦点吗？通过互动练习测试您所掌握的知识，并阅读说明来帮助您。
Look at these examples to see how the passive voice is used.查看这些示例，了解如何使用被动语态。
A lot of olive oil is produced in Italy. 意大利生产大量橄榄油。
This book was written by Angela Davis. 这本书的作者是安吉拉·戴维斯。
The suspect will be released tomorrow. 嫌疑人将于明天被释放。
This product has not been tested on animals. 该产品尚未在动物身上进行测试。
Try this exercise to test your grammar.尝试这个练习来测试你的语法。
Grammar test 1-语法测试1
Passives: 1
Choose the correct option to complete the sentence.
- Question
- The Egyptian pyramids ___ thousands of years ago.
are built
been built
were built- Your letter ___ within 28 days.
will be answer
will be answered
will answer- Chocolate ___ for over 4,000 years.
has been produce
is been produced
has been produced- I don’t know who ___ my bike.
stole
is stolen
was stolen- My car ___ this week, so I’m going to work by bus.
is being repaired
is been repair
is repairing- Not enough of our rubbish ___.
recycles
is recycled
is recycle- The fire service still ___ the fire.
wasn’t put out
is put out
haven’t put out- The underground connection ___ when I moved into the house.
is still being built
was still being built
was still building
- Answer
- The Egyptian pyramids ___ thousands of years ago.
are built
been built
✔were built- Your letter ___ within 28 days.
will be answer
✔will be answered
will answer- Chocolate ___ for over 4,000 years.
has been produce
is been produced
✔has been produced- I don’t know who ___ my bike.
✔stole
is stolen
was stolen- My car ___ this week, so I’m going to work by bus.
✔is being repaired
is been repair
is repairing- Not enough of our rubbish ___.
recycles
✔is recycled
is recycle- The fire service still ___ the fire.
wasn’t put out
is put out
✔haven’t put out- The underground connection ___ when I moved into the house.
is still being built
✔was still being built
was still building
Read the explanation to learn more.阅读说明以了解更多信息。
Grammar explanation-语法解释
We use the passive voice to change the focus of the sentence. 我们使用被动语态来改变句子的焦点。
My bike was stolen. (passive – focus on my bike)我的自行车被偷了。 （被动——专注于我的自行车）
Someone stole my bike.有人偷了我的自行车。(active – focus on someone)（主动——专注于某人）
We often use the passive:我们经常使用被动语态：
- when we prefer not to mention who or what does the action (for example, it’s not known, it’s obvious or we don’t want to say)当我们不想提及谁或做了什么动作时（例如，未知、显而易见或我们不想说）
- so that we can start a sentence with the most important or most logical information 这样我们就可以用最重要或最合乎逻辑的信息开始一个句子
- in more formal or scientific writing. 在更正式或科学的写作中。
How we make the passive-我们如何使被动语态
We make the passive using the verb be + past participle. We start the sentence with the object.我们使用动词 be + 过去分词来构成被动语态。我们以宾语开始句子。
| Avatar阿凡达 | was曾是 | directed by James Cameron.由詹姆斯·卡梅隆执导。 |
|---|---|---|
| ↓↓ | ↓↓ | ↓↓ |
| Object目的 | + be ++ 是 + | past participle过去分词 |
It is not always necessary to add who or what did the action.并不总是需要添加谁或什么执行了该操作。
| My flight我的航班 | is被 | cancelled.取消。 |
|---|---|---|
| ↓↓ | ↓↓ | ↓↓ |
| Object目的 | + be ++ 是 + | past participle过去分词 |
Only the form of be changes to make the tense. The past participle stays the same. Here are examples of the passive in its most common tenses. 只是改变be的形式来构成时态。过去分词保持不变。以下是最常见时态的被动语态示例。
| Tense紧张 | Example例子 | Structure结构 |
|---|---|---|
| Present simple一般现在时 | Alioli is made from oil, garlic and salt.蒜泥奥利奥利是由油、大蒜和盐制成的。 | is/are + past participle is/are + 过去分词 |
| Present continuous现在进行时 | The hall is being painted this week.大厅本周正在粉刷。 | is/are being + past participle is/are being + 过去分词 |
| Past simple一般过去时 | John F. Kennedy was assassinated in 1963.1963 年，约翰·F·肯尼迪遇刺身亡。 | was/were + past participle was/were + 过去分词 |
| Past continuous过去进行时 | The signs were being put up last week.这些标志已于上周竖起。 | was/were being + past participle was/were being + 过去分词 |
| Present perfect现在完成时 | Oranges have been grown here for centuries.这里种植橙子已经有几个世纪了。 | has/have been + past participle has/have been+过去分词 |
| Past perfect过去完成时 | When he got home, he found that his flat had been burgled.当他回到家时，他发现自己的公寓被盗了。 | had been + past participle had been+过去分词 |
| Future simple一般将来时 | The work will be finished next week.这项工作将于下周完成。 | will be + past participle will be+过去分词 |
Do this exercise to test your grammar again.做这个练习来再次测试你的语法。
Grammar test 2-语法测试2
Passives: 2
Choose the correct option to complete the sentence.
- Question
- All our lamps ___ from original 1950s designs.
produce
is produced
are produced- Mistakes ___, but we’re working on a solution now.
have been make
are been made
have been made- Someone ___ my wallet and left it at reception.
had found
had been found
was found- My phone ___ last week, so I didn’t get your message until today.
was being fixed
was been fix
was fixing- A lot of time ___ on pointless meetings in this company.
wastes
is wasted
is waste- Your application ___ by the end of the month.
will be review
will be reviewed
will review- Someone ___ my talk at the conference and recommended me as a speaker.
saw
was seen
had been seen- The suspect ___ near the French border.
was caught
were caught
caught
- Answer
- All our lamps ___ from original 1950s designs.
produce
is produced
✔are produced- Mistakes ___, but we’re working on a solution now.
have been make
are been made
✔have been made- Someone ___ my wallet and left it at reception.
✔had found
had been found
was found- My phone ___ last week, so I didn’t get your message until today.
✔was being fixed
was been fix
was fixing- A lot of time ___ on pointless meetings in this company.
wastes
✔is wasted
is waste- Your application ___ by the end of the month.
will be review
✔will be reviewed
will review- Someone ___ my talk at the conference and recommended me as a speaker.
✔saw
was seen
had been seen- The suspect ___ near the French border.
✔was caught
were caught
caught