【B1-B2-Grammar】25 Relative clauses,defining relative clauses-关系从句,定义关系从句

【B1-B2-Grammar】25 Relative clauses,defining relative clauses-关系从句,定义关系从句

Do you know how to define who or what you are talking about using relative clauses? Test what you know with interactive exercises and read the explanation to help you. 您知道如何使用关系从句定义您正在谈论的人或事吗? 通过互动练习测试您所掌握的知识,并阅读说明来帮助您。

Look at these examples to see how defining relative clauses are used.查看这些示例以了解如何使用定义关系子句。

Are you the one who sent me the email? 你是给我发邮件的人吗?
The phone which has the most features is also the most expensive. 功能最多的手机也是最贵的。
This is the video that I wanted to show you. 这是我想给你们看的视频。
The person they spoke to was really helpful. 与他们交谈的人真的很有帮助。

Try this exercise to test your grammar.尝试这个练习来测试你的语法。

Grammar test 1-语法测试1

Relative clauses – defining relative clauses: 1

Choose all the correct options.

  • Question
  1. The woman ___ called said she’d ring again later.
    who
    which
    that
  2. One of the people ___ I admire the most is Nelson Mandela.
    who
    that
    whose
  3. That’s the man ___ daughter is a professional footballer.
    who
    which
    that
    whose
  4. Where’s the book ___ Paul lent you?
    who
    which
    that
  5. I’m looking for something ___ will clean glass.
    who
    which
    that
  6. The day ___ they met was her birthday.
    who
    when
    whose
    where
  7. The park ___ I go running is really peaceful.
    where
    that
    which
    whose
  8. That’s exactly the information ___ I needed!
    that
    who
    which
  • Answer
  1. The woman ___ called said she’d ring again later.
    ✔who
    which
    ✔that
  2. One of the people ___ I admire the most is Nelson Mandela.
    ✔who
    ✔that
    whose
    ✔–
  3. That’s the man ___ daughter is a professional footballer.
    who
    which
    that
    ✔whose
  4. Where’s the book ___ Paul lent you?
    who
    ✔which
    ✔that
    ✔–
  5. I’m looking for something ___ will clean glass.
    who
    ✔which
    ✔that
  6. The day ___ they met was her birthday.
    who
    ✔when
    whose
    where
  7. The park ___ I go running is really peaceful.
    ✔where
    that
    which
    whose
  8. That’s exactly the information ___ I needed!
    ✔that
    who
    ✔which
    ✔–

题目1:

The woman ___ called said she’d ring again later.
这位打电话的女士说她稍后会再打过来。

选项:

  • who: 用于指人,可以表示“谁”或“那个人”。
  • which: 用于指物,可以表示“哪个”。
  • that: 可以用于指人或物,表示“那个”。
  • : 空。

正确答案:who, that

翻译:打电话的那位女士说她稍后会再打过来。

题目2:

One of the people ___ I admire the most is Nelson Mandela.
我最钦佩的人之一是纳尔逊·曼德拉。

选项:

  • who: 用于指人,可以表示“谁”或“那个人”。
  • that: 用于指人或物,表示“那个”。
  • whose: 用于表示所属关系,表示“谁的”。
  • : 空。

正确答案:who, that, –

翻译:我最钦佩的人之一是纳尔逊·曼德拉。

题目3:

That’s the man ___ daughter is a professional footballer.
那是他女儿是职业足球运动员的那个人。

选项:

  • who: 用于指人,可以表示“谁”或“那个人”。
  • which: 用于指物,可以表示“哪个”。
  • that: 用于指人或物,表示“那个”。
  • whose: 用于表示所属关系,表示“谁的”。

正确答案:whose

翻译:那是他女儿是职业足球运动员的那个人。

题目4:

Where’s the book ___ Paul lent you?
保罗借给你的书在哪里?

选项:

  • who: 用于指人,可以表示“谁”或“那个人”。
  • which: 用于指物,可以表示“哪个”。
  • that: 用于指人或物,表示“那个”。
  • : 空。

正确答案:which, that, –

翻译:保罗借给你的书在哪里?

题目5:

I’m looking for something ___ will clean glass.
我在找一种能清洁玻璃的东西。

选项:

  • who: 用于指人,可以表示“谁”或“那个人”。
  • which: 用于指物,可以表示“哪个”。
  • that: 用于指人或物,表示“那个”。
  • : 空。

解释:因为指的是物,正确答案是“which”或“that”。

正确答案:which, that

翻译:我在找一种能清洁玻璃的东西。

题目6:

The day ___ they met was her birthday.
他们见面的那天是她的生日。

选项:

  • who: 用于指人,可以表示“谁”或“那个人”。
  • when: 用于指时间,表示“什么时候”。
  • whose: 用于表示所属关系,表示“谁的”。
  • where: 用于指地点,表示“哪里”。

正确答案:when

翻译:他们见面的那天是她的生日。

题目7:

The park ___ I go running is really peaceful.
我去跑步的那个公园真的很安静。

选项:

  • where: 用于指地点,表示“哪里”。
  • that: 用于指人或物,表示“那个”。
  • which: 用于指物,可以表示“哪个”。
  • whose: 用于表示所属关系,表示“谁的”。

正确答案:where

翻译:我去跑步的那个公园真的很安静。

题目8:

That’s exactly the information ___ I needed!
那正是我需要的信息!

选项:

  • that: 用于指人或物,表示“那个”。
  • who: 用于指人,可以表示“谁”或“那个人”。
  • which: 用于指物,可以表示“哪个”。
  • : 空。

正确答案:that, which, -

翻译:那正是我需要的信息!

Read the explanation to learn more.阅读说明以了解更多信息。

Grammar explanation-语法解释

Relative clauses give us information about the person or thing mentioned. 关系从句为我们提供有关所提到的人或事物的信息。

Defining relative clauses give us essential information – information that tells us who or what we are talking about. 定义关系从句为我们提供了基本信息——告诉我们正在谈论的人或事的信息。

The woman who lives next door works in a bank. 住在隔壁的那位女士在银行工作。
These are the flights that have been cancelled. 这些是已取消的航班。

We usually use a relative pronoun or adverb to start a defining relative clause: who, which, that, when, where or whose. 我们通常使用关系代词或副词来开始定义关系从句:who、which、that、when、where 或 who。

who/that

We can use who or that to talk about people. that is more common and a bit more informal. 我们可以用 who 或 that 来谈论人。that 更常见,也更非正式。

She’s the woman who cuts my hair. 她就是那个给我剪头发的女人。
He’s the man that I met at the conference. 他就是我在会议上认识的那个人。

which/that

We can use which or that to talk about things. that is more common and a bit more informal. 我们可以用which或that来谈论事物。that 更常见,也更非正式。

There was a one-year guarantee which came with the TV. 电视附带一年保修。
The laptop that I bought last week has started making a strange noise! 我上周买的笔记本电脑开始发出奇怪的声音!

Other pronouns-其他代词

when can refer to a time. when 可以指时间。

Summer is the season when I’m happiest. 夏天是我最快乐的季节。

where can refer to a place. where 可以指一个地方。

That’s the stadium where Real Madrid play. 那是皇家马德里队比赛的体育场。

whose refers to the person that something belongs to. whose 指某物所属的人。

He’s a musician whose albums have sold millions. 他是一位专辑销量数百万张的音乐家。

Omitting the relative pronoun-省略关系代词

Sometimes we can leave out the relative pronoun. For example, we can usually leave out who, which or that if it is followed by a subject. 有时我们可以省略关系代词。例如,如果后面跟主语,我们通常可以省略 who、which 或 that。

The assistant [that] we met was really kind. 我们遇到的助理非常友善。
(we = subject, can omit that)(我们 = 主语,可以省略)

We can’t usually leave it out if it is followed by a verb. 如果后面跟动词,我们通常不能省略它。

The assistant that helped us was really kind. 帮助我们的助理真的很友善。
(helped = verb, can’t omit that)(帮助=动词,不能省略)

Do this exercise to test your grammar again.做这个练习来再次测试你的语法。

Grammar test 2-语法测试2

Relative clauses – defining relative clauses: 2

Choose all the correct options.

  • Question
  1. The film ___ we saw last week was awful.
    that
    which
    who
  2. That’s the hospital ___ I was born.
    when
    where
    who
    whose
  3. The doctor ___ I usually see doesn’t work there any more.
    that
    who
    whose
  4. The week ___ they were in Edinburgh was lovely and sunny.
    when
    where
    who
    whose
  5. That’s the woman ___ bought my old car.
    that
    which
    who
  6. He called a plumber ___ he found online.
    that
    who
    whose
  7. They ate at a restaurant ___ serves only vegan dishes.
    that
    where
    which
  8. The passengers ___ flights were cancelled got a refund.
    that
    where
    who
    whose
  • Answer
  1. The film ___ we saw last week was awful.
    ✔that
    ✔which
    who
    ✔–
  2. That’s the hospital ___ I was born.
    when
    ✔where
    who
    whose
  3. The doctor ___ I usually see doesn’t work there any more.
    ✔that
    ✔who
    whose
    ✔–
  4. The week ___ they were in Edinburgh was lovely and sunny.
    ✔when
    where
    who
    whose
  5. That’s the woman ___ bought my old car.
    ✔that
    which
    ✔who
  6. He called a plumber ___ he found online.
    ✔that
    ✔who
    whose
    ✔–
  7. They ate at a restaurant ___ serves only vegan dishes.
    ✔that
    where
    ✔which
  8. The passengers ___ flights were cancelled got a refund.
    that
    where
    who
    ✔whose

题目1:

The film ___ we saw last week was awful.
我们上周看的那部电影很糟糕。

选项:

  • that: 可以用于指人或物,表示“那个”。
  • which: 用于指物,可以表示“哪个”。
  • who: 用于指人,可以表示“谁”或“那个人”。
  • : 空。

解释:因为指的是物(电影),正确答案是“that”或“which”。

正确答案:that, which, -

翻译:我们上周看的那部电影很糟糕。

题目2:

That’s the hospital ___ I was born.
那是我出生的医院。

选项:

  • when: 用于指时间,表示“什么时候”。
  • where: 用于指地点,表示“哪里”。
  • who: 用于指人,可以表示“谁”或“那个人”。
  • whose: 用于表示所属关系,表示“谁的”。

解释:因为指的是地点(医院),正确答案是“where”。

正确答案:where

翻译:那是我出生的医院。

题目3:

The doctor ___ I usually see doesn’t work there any more.
我通常看诊的医生不再在那里工作了。

选项:

  • that: 可以用于指人或物,表示“那个”。
  • who: 用于指人,可以表示“谁”或“那个人”。
  • whose: 用于表示所属关系,表示“谁的”。
  • : 空。

解释:因为指的是人(医生),正确答案是“that”或“who”。

正确答案:that, who, -

翻译:我通常看诊的医生不再在那里工作了。

题目4:

The week ___ they were in Edinburgh was lovely and sunny.
他们在爱丁堡的那周天气很好,很阳光。

选项:

  • when: 用于指时间,表示“什么时候”。
  • where: 用于指地点,表示“哪里”。
  • who: 用于指人,可以表示“谁”或“那个人”。
  • whose: 用于表示所属关系,表示“谁的”。

解释:因为指的是时间(那一周),正确答案是“when”。

正确答案:when

翻译:他们在爱丁堡的那周天气很好,很阳光。

题目5:

That’s the woman ___ bought my old car.
那是买了我旧车的女人。

选项:

  • that: 可以用于指人或物,表示“那个”。
  • which: 用于指物,可以表示“哪个”。
  • who: 用于指人,可以表示“谁”或“那个人”。
  • : 空。

解释:因为指的是人(女人),正确答案是“that”或“who”。

正确答案:that, who

翻译:那是买了我旧车的女人。

题目6:

He called a plumber ___ he found online.
他叫了一个他在网上找到的水管工。

选项:

  • that: 可以用于指人或物,表示“那个”。
  • who: 用于指人,可以表示“谁”或“那个人”。
  • whose: 用于表示所属关系,表示“谁的”。
  • : 空。

解释:因为指的是人(水管工),正确答案是“that”或“who”。

正确答案:that, who, -

翻译:他叫了一个他在网上找到的水管工。

题目7:

They ate at a restaurant ___ serves only vegan dishes.
他们在一家只提供素食的餐馆吃饭。

选项:

  • that: 可以用于指人或物,表示“那个”。
  • where: 用于指地点,表示“哪里”。
  • which: 用于指物,可以表示“哪个”。
  • : 空。

解释:因为指的是物(餐馆),正确答案是“that”或“which”。

正确答案:that, which

翻译:他们在一家只提供素食的餐馆吃饭。

题目8:

The passengers ___ flights were cancelled got a refund.
航班被取消的乘客得到了退款。

选项:

  • that: 可以用于指人或物,表示“那个”。
  • where: 用于指地点,表示“哪里”。
  • who: 用于指人,可以表示“谁”或“那个人”。
  • whose: 用于表示所属关系,表示“谁的”。

解释:因为指的是人(乘客),并且强调所属关系(航班),正确答案是“whose”。

正确答案:whose

翻译:航班被取消的乘客得到了退款。


【B1-B2-Grammar】25 Relative clauses,defining relative clauses-关系从句,定义关系从句
http://coderdream.github.io/2024/04/15/b1-b2-grammar-25-relative-clauses-defining-relative-clauses/
作者
CoderDream
发布于
2024年4月15日
许可协议